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ההקצנה ודרך הממוצע

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ההקצנה ודרך הממוצע

נודעים דברי רש"י על הפסוק (ויקרא יד, ד) וְצִוָּה הַכֹּהֵן וְלָקַח לַמִּטַּהֵר שְׁתֵּי צִפֳּרִים חַיּוֹת טְהֹרוֹת וְעֵץ אֶרֶז וּשְׁנִי תוֹלַעַת וְאֵזֹב, ועץ ארז, לפי שהנגעים באין על גסות הרוח, ושני תולעת ואזוב, מה תקנתו ויתרפא, ישפיל עצמו מגאותו, כתולעת וכאזוב.

שואל מרן שר התורה הגאון הגדול רבי חיים קנייבסקי זצ"ל בספרו טעמא דקרא, לאיזה צורך יש להביא שני סימנים עבור הענווה, גם אזוב וגם שני תולעת? ולמה לא די בסימן אחד?

והוא מיישב בטוב טעם: הרמב"ם כותב בהלכות דעות (פרק א' וב') שבכל מידה צריך אדם לבחור את המידה הבינונית והדרך הממוצעת, ולא להקצין לא לכאן ולא לכאן, אולם אם הוא לקוי במידה רעה, עליו להקצין עד לצד השני, כגון אם גבה לבו אזי ירחיק לצד השני וינהיג עצמו בביזיון רב, עד שיעקור מלבו את המדה הרעה, ואחר כך ישוב לדרך האמצעית.

בכך יבואר להפליא, כי הנה האזוב גדול יותר מהתולעת, כמבואר בגמרא (נדה, כו. א) שהאזוב הוא בגודל טפח. לפיכך, מצורע זה שחטא בגסות הרוח, בתחילה עליו להרחיק עצמו בענווה יתירה ממש כמו תולעת, ואחרי שיעקור מלבו את גסות הרוח, שוב יוכל להיות עניו רק כמו אזוב, שזה קצת גדול יותר, ובכך יצעד בדרך הממוצעת.

נפלא מאד!

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